According to a recent study by the Energy Policy Institute (EPIC) at the University of Chicago, increasing air pollution in Pakistan, notably in the cities of Lahore, Sheikhupura, Kasur, and Peshawar, may reduce life expectancy by at least seven years. The study, which is included in the most recent Air Quality Life Index (AQLI), emphasizes the urgent requirement for actions to enhance the air quality.
The effect of particle air pollution on life expectancy is translated by the AQLI, a comprehensive pollution indicator. Particulate pollution rates as the second-largest danger to public health in Pakistan, just after cardiovascular illnesses. It reduces life expectancy by 3.9 years on average.
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According to the research, the majority of Pakistan’s 240 million people live in areas where yearly average particle pollution levels surpass WHO guidelines. Surprisingly, 98.3 percent of Pakistanis reside in regions where the national guideline for air quality is exceeded, which is 15 micrograms per cubic metre.
According to the study, maintaining yearly PM 2.5 concentrations at or below the WHO-recommended level of 5 micrograms per cubic metre might add 3.9 years to the typical resident’s life expectancy. On the other hand, conditions including maternal and neonatal illnesses, child and maternal malnutrition, and obesity shorten average life expectancy by 2.7 years.
According to the AQLI data from 1998 to 2021, Pakistan experienced a troubling 49.9% increase in average annual particle pollution, which resulted in a 1.5-year decline in life expectancy. The three most affected provinces, Punjab, Islamabad, and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, are expected to lose between 3.7 and 4.6 years of average life expectancy compared to WHO recommendations, affecting 65.5 million people, or 69.5 percent of Pakistan’s population. In a similar vein, if pollution stays at current levels, people could lose 2.7 to 3.6 years in comparison to national guidelines.
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A glimpse of light is offered by the report, which asserts that meeting the WHO pollution criteria would result in considerable increases in life expectancy. Residents of Karachi might gain 2.7 years, while those in Lahore and Islamabad could gain 7.5 and 4.5 years, respectively.
The study also highlights India’s significant contribution to the rise in global pollution, with 59 percent of that rise occurring since 2013.
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